Compare Natural hazards (2003) - Natural hazards (2008)

Compare Natural hazards (2003) with Natural hazards (2008)

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	Natural hazards (2003)	Natural hazards (2008)
Argentina	San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the Pampas and northeast; heavy flooding	San Miguel de Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding
Bassas da India	maritime hazard since it is usually under water during high tide and surrounded by reefs; subject to periodic cyclones	-
Belgium	flooding is a threat in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes	flooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes
Bhutan	violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season	violent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name, which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season
Cuba	the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to October (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common	the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common
East Timor	floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones	-
El Salvador	known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes	known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
Europa Island	NA	-
European Union	-	flooding along coasts; avalanches in mountainous area; earthquakes in the south; volcanic eruptions in Italy; periodic droughts in Spain; ice floes in the Baltic
France	flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean	metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south near the Mediterranean overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones), flooding, volcanic activity (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion)
French Guiana	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding	-
French Southern and Antarctic Lands	Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes	Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are inactive volcanoes; Iles Eparses subject to periodic cyclones; Bassas da India is a maritime hazard since it is under water for a period of three hours prior to and following the high tide and surrounded by reefs
Glorioso Islands	periodic cyclones	-
Guadeloupe	hurricanes (June to October); Soufriere de Guadeloupe is an active volcano	-
Iran	periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes along western border and in the northeast	periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes
Jan Mayen	dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970	dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970; the most recent eruption occurred in 1985
Juan de Nova Island	periodic cyclones	-
Macedonia	-	high seismic risks
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of	high seismic risks	-
Madagascar	periodic cyclones	periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation
Martinique	hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)	-
Mongolia	dust storms, grassland and forest fires, drought, and "zud", which is harsh winter conditions	dust storms, grassland and forest fires, drought, and "zud," which is harsh winter conditions
Montenegro	-	destructive earthquakes
Montserrat	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1996)	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)
Mozambique	severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods occur in central and southern provinces	severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces
Navassa Island	NA	hurricanes
Reunion	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano	-
Saint Helena	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961
Serbia	-	destructive earthquakes
Serbia and Montenegro	destructive earthquakes	-
Solomon Islands	typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earth tremors; volcanic activity	typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes, tremors, and volcanic activity; tsunamis
Southern Ocean	huge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice (generally 0.5 to 1 meter thick) with sometimes dynamic short-term variations and with large annual and interannual variations; deep continental shelf floored by glacial deposits varying widely over short distances; high winds and large waves much of the year; ship icing, especially May-October; most of region is remote from sources of search and rescue	huge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice (generally 0.5 to 1 m thick) with sometimes dynamic short-term variations and with large annual and interannual variations; deep continental shelf floored by glacial deposits varying widely over short distances; high winds and large waves much of the year; ship icing, especially May-October; most of region is remote from sources of search and rescue
Spratly Islands	typhoons; serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals	typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
Timor-Leste	-	floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones
Tromelin Island	NA	-
Turkey	very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van	severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van
Tuvalu	severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level	severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level
United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges	-	Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands: the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard Kingman Reef: wet or awash most of the time, maximum elevation of less than 1 m makes Kingman Reef a maritime hazard Midway Islands, Johnston, and Palmyra Atolls: NA
Uruguay	seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts	seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind that blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts
Vanuatu	tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanism causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis	tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanic eruption on Aoba (Ambae) island began 27 November 2005, volcanism also causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis